The Evolution and Features of the Indian Constitution

The Constitution of India was adopted on 26th November 1949 but came into effect on 26th January 1950. It was drafted by a Constituent Assembly which took nearly three years to complete the task.

India's Constitution is the longest of any sovereign nation, containing 395 articles, 22 parts, 12 schedules originally. Its extensive nature includes detailed administrative procedures uncommon in other constitutions.

The Indian Constitution is a unique collage, drawing from governmental systems globally. It combines British Parliamentary structure, US Federalism, Irish Directive Principles, and the French concept of Republic.

Initially, the Constitution provided for seven Fundamental Rights. However, the Right to Property was later removed by the 44th Amendment Act, making it a legal right rather than a fundamental one.

The Constitution can be amended to address changing needs. Notably, the 42nd Amendment, termed as 'Mini-Constitution', brought extensive changes in 1976 during the Emergency period.

Article 370 was a temporary provision granting special autonomy to Jammu and Kashmir. After decades, it was revoked in 2019, altering the region's constitutional status and bifurcating the state.

Originally 8 schedules were part of the constitution, but now there are 12. They include languages, administrative details, and provisions for disadvantaged groups, underlining India's commitment to a detailed governance framework.