Birthplace of Western Civilization
Ancient Greece is often considered the cradle of Western civilization. Its culture has profoundly influenced language, politics, educational systems, philosophy, science, and the arts.
The Greek Dark Ages
After the fall of the Mycenaean civilization, Greece entered a period of decline known as the Dark Ages (1100–750 BC), from which emerged the classical Greek culture.
City-States and Politics
Ancient Greece consisted of city-states, the most famous being Athens and Sparta. Athens developed democracy, while Sparta was known for its military oligarchy.
Philosophy and Thinkers
Greek philosophers like Socrates, Plato, and Aristotle laid the foundations for Western philosophical thought, questioning existence, ethics, and the nature of knowledge.
Innovations in Art
Greek sculptors shifted from idealized, static figures to dynamic, realistic portrayals. The Parthenon is an enduring symbol of this artistic innovation.
Olympic Games Origin
The Olympic Games began in 776 BC in Olympia. They were held every four years, where athletes competed for honor and glory.
Unexpected Greek Contributions
Ancient Greeks practiced 'kottabos', a game where they flung wine lees at targets. They invented the alarm clock, using water clocks to signal important events.
What influenced Western civilization?
Greek philosophy and democracy
Mycenaean technological advancements
Spartan religious practices
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