Radiation Therapy Overview
Radiation therapy targets cancerous cells in breast tissue, using high-energy rays to damage their DNA, inhibiting growth and replication.
Immediate Skin Changes
Patients may experience erythema, resembling sunburn. Skin can become dry, itchy, or peel. Tenderness and change in pigmentation are also common.
Long-term Tissue Effects
Over time, radiation can cause breast tissue to become firmer and shrink, a condition known as radiation fibrosis. Rib fractures are rare but possible.
Potential Heart Risks
Radiation can inadvertently expose the heart to radiation, potentially leading to long-term cardiovascular issues, although modern techniques aim to minimize this risk.
Lymphedema Risk Increase
Radiation therapy might increase the risk of lymphedema — swelling due to lymph fluid buildup — when lymph nodes are within the treatment field.
Unexpected Radiation Benefits
Radiation therapy has been found to sometimes improve certain autoimmune conditions, such as rheumatoid arthritis, providing unexpected relief to some patients.