Oranges: Ancient Origins
Oranges trace back to Southeast Asia, over 4,500 years ago. Originally bitter, sweet oranges were unknown until a hybrid developed in the region that is now southern China.
Spread by Trade Routes
Trade routes, especially the Silk Road, were crucial in spreading oranges. They reached Rome by 100 CE. Arab traders later carried them to the Mediterranean, profoundly impacting local cuisines.
Oranges Named by Color
The English term 'orange' derives from the Sanskrit ‘nāraṅga’. Interestingly, the fruit gave the color its name, not the other way around; a rare linguistic occurrence.
Citrus Family Diversity
Sweet oranges are a hybrid of two ancient citrus species: the pomelo and the mandarin. Their cultivation led to incredible variety, including navel oranges and blood oranges.
Oranges Reach the Americas
Christopher Columbus brought orange seeds to the Caribbean on his second voyage in 1493, leading to widespread cultivation in the New World, especially in Florida and Brazil.
Vitamin C and Health
Oranges were valued on long sea voyages to prevent scurvy, a disease caused by Vitamin C deficiency. They became a crucial part of the diet for sailors.
Modern Orange Economy
Today, Brazil leads the world in orange production, followed by China and India. The rise of orange juice consumption in the 20th century boosted the global orange economy.
Origin of sweet oranges?
Southern China hybrid
Ancient Rome import
Americas by Columbus
Company
